| Authors: | S. Wolf, M. Lauermann, P.C. Schindler, G. Ronniger, K. Geistert, R. Palmer, S. Koeber, W. Bogaerts, J. Leuthold, W. Freude, C. Koos | | Title: | DAC-Less Amplifier-Less Generation and Transmission of QAM Signals Using Sub-Volt Silicon-Organic Hybrid Modulators | | Format: | International Journal | | Publication date: | 3/2015 | | Journal/Conference/Book: | Journal of Lightwave Technology
| | Volume(Issue): | 33(7) p.1425 - 1432 | | DOI: | 10.1109/JLT.2015.2394511 | | Citations: | 51 (Dimensions.ai - last update: 24/11/2024)
43 (OpenCitations - last update: 27/6/2024)
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Abstract
We demonstrate generation and transmission of optical signals by directly interfacing highly efficient silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) modulators to binary output ports of a field-programmable gate array. Using an SOH Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) and an SOH IQ modulator we generate ON–OFF-keying and binary phase-shift keying signals as well as quadrature phase-shift keying and 16-state quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) formats. Peak-to-peak voltages amount to only 0.27 Vpp for driving the MZM and 0.41 Vpp for the IQ modulator. Neither digital-to-analog converters nor drive amplifiers are required, and the RF energy consumption in the modulator amounts to record-low 18 fJ/bit for 16QAM signaling. Related Research Topics
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